سیاستگذاری عمومی

سیاستگذاری عمومی

کاربستِ سیاست‌های نوآوریِ مأموریت­‌گرا در مواجهه با اَبَر چالش‌ها: چند موردکاوی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
استادیار گروه سیاست علوم و تحقیقات، مؤسسه تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور، تهران، ایران
چکیده
سیاست‌های نوآوریِ مأموریت‌گرا با تعیین مأموریت‌های بلندمدت و قابل سنجش و همچنین بهره‌گیری از آمیزه‌ای از ابزارهای سیاستی در حوزه پژوهش، نوآوری، سرمایه‌گذاری، اصلاحات مقرراتی و مشارکت ذی‌نفعان، امکانِ مدیریت فعالِ اَبَرچالش‌ها را فراهم می‌کنند. این پژوهش با روش مرور اسناد، مأموریت‌های منتخب در اتحادیه اروپا و ایران (شاملِ مبارزه با سرطان، توافق خاکی و کربن صفر در اتحادیه اروپا و برنامه هوای پاک در ایران) را بررسی کرده است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که مأموریت‌های موردِ بررسی در اتحادیه اروپا با جهت‌گیریِ روشن، رهبری مرکزی، هماهنگی افقی و عمودیِ منسجم، ارزیابی و بازخورد مستمر، بهره‌گیری از مدیریت سبد (پورتفو) و اهداف خُرد و قابل سنجش، موفقیتِ نسبتاً بالایی داشته‌اند. در مقابل، مأموریتِ‌ هوای پاک در ایران از منظر قانونی و اهداف کلان روشن است، اما در زمینه مشارکت ذی‌نفعان، هماهنگی میان‌بخشی، پایش و بازخورد و مدیریت سبد محدودیت‌هایی دارد. بنابراین، توسعه نظام شناسایی و اولویت‌گذاریِ ابرچالش‌ها در قالب مأموریت‌های ملّی مبتنی بر شاخص‌های عملکردی دقیق و رویه‌‌های بازخورد ضروری است.
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