اصول سیاستگذاری جنایی در فضای مجازی: از واگرایی تا همگرایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

درخصوص فضای مجازی به همان‌اندازه که نگاه‌های فرصت‌محور صرف می‌تواند آسیب‌زا باشد، برداشت تهدید گونه از این فضا نیز پیامدهای ناخواسته‌ای را به همراه دارد. عمده‌ترین دلیل اتخاذ دو رویکرد افراط و تفریطی فوق، فقدان وجود سیاستگذاری جنایی مشخص است. پژوهش حاضر در پرتو ادبیات سیاستگذاری عمومی، اصول سیاستگذاری جنایی و نمودهای آن (سیاست جنایی و سیاست کیفری) را با روش توصیفی-تحلیلی، کشف و ارائه می‌نماید. یافته‌های پژوهش‌ پیشنهاد می‌دهد؛ نخست، اصول «ثبات مبانی دنیای واقعی و مجازی»، «ضرورت حفظ امنیت حریم خصوصی»، «قابلیت پایداری و توسعه پایدار» و «ایجاد تعادل بین ارزش‌ها» سرلوحه سیاستگذاری جنایی باشد و سپس درخصوص سهیم‌کردن جامعه در عرصه سیاست جنایی، اصول «عدالت‌محوری»، «شفافیت» و «حفظ انسجام اجتماعی و پذیرش تنوع فرهنگی» به کار گرفته شود و درنهایت برای دستیابی به سیاست کیفری مطلوب اصول «تدرج در تجریم»، «نیازمحوری»، «حفظ منافع عالیه کودک و خانواده» و «زمان‌مندی و تغییرپذیری» در دستور کار قرار بگیرد.

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