برنامه‌ریزی بدون نظریه؛ صدای شنیده نشده فروپاشی برنامه‌ریزی تکنوکراتیک در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار مطالعات علم و فناوری مؤسسه مطالعات فرهنگی و اجتماعی وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری، تهران، ایران

چکیده

علی‌رغم گذشت بیش از هفتاد سال از آغاز برنامه‌ریزی رسمی در ایران، اصطلاح «برنامه‌ریزی» همچنان بصورتی مطلق، مجرد، تخصصی، پوزیتیویستی، غیرقابل خدشه و بی‌نیاز از مباحثات نظری به کار می‌رود و حال آنکه بررسی تحولات معرفتی این حوزه بویژه در آمریکا و اروپا از پایان پارادایم پوزیتیویستی-تکنوکراتیک برنامه‌ریزی و ظهور حوزه معرفتی میان‌رشته‌ای و بسیار پویایی به نام «نظریه برنامه‌ریزی» در پنجاه سال اخیر حکایت دارد. در این مقاله نشان داده می‌شود که صدای فروپاشی برنامه‌ریزی عقلانی-تکنوکراتیک و ظهور رشته نوینی به نام نظریه برنامه‌ریزی در ایران شنیده نشده است. تنها استثنا رشته برنامه‌ریزی شهری است که در یک سوءتفاهم، تحولات جدید را نه شیفت پارادایمی در «نظریه‌ برنامه‌ریزی» بلکه صرفاً «نظریات جدیدی در برنامه‌ریزی شهری» تلقی کرده‌است. در نهایت، خطوط کلی افق جایگزین و ناآشنای برنامه‌ریزی نااقلیدسی که گفتمانهای مختلف برنامه‌ریزی بدیل در سه دهه اخیر درون آن حرکت می‌کنند معرفی شده و پس از تأملی از منظر جامعه‌شناسی برنامه‌ریزی درباره دلایل این عقب‌ماندگی نظری و تاریخی، توصیه‌های سیاستی در جهت تحول نظری و حرفه‌ای در برنامه‌ریزی ایرانی ارائه می‌گردد.

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