مطالعه تطبیقی چشم‌انداز و اهداف کلان آموزش‌عالی درکشورهای منتخب

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار مؤسسه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی آموزش عالی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری رشته اقتصاد آموزش عالی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف مقاله پیش‌رو، بررسی تطبیقی چشم‌انداز و اهداف آموزش‌عالی شش کشور جهان (هلند، فرانسه، سنگاپور، مالزی، آفریقای جنوبی و عربستان) درسطح سیاستگذاری کلان می‌باشد. در پژوهش کیفی حاضر از راهبرد تطبیقی  جورج بردی (توصیف، تفسیر، همجواری و مقایسه) استفاده شد. یافته ها نشان داد ازجمله وجوه اشتراک  این کشورها توجه به بین‌المللی شدن، دیجیتالی‌سازی، تعمیق نقش دانشگاه‌ها در اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان، سرمایه‌گذاری و ارتقاء ظرفیت تحقیقات دانشگاهی، گزینش و مدیریت استعدادها توام با برنامه‌های سرمایه انسانی دانشگاهیان را می‌توان برشمرد. در بخش وجوه افتراق دورنمای خاص هر کشور برای آموزش‌عالی آورده شد که بیشتر از سیاست‌ها ونحوه حکمرانی، فضای گفتمانی درون کشورها متاثر می‌شود. در بخش اهداف مشترک نیز می‌توان به برقراری پیوند میان سیستم آموزش‌عالی با بازار کار، توسعه‌مالی دانشگاه‌ها، خلق و ارتقاء مزیت رقابتی بین کشورها، انجام پژوهش‌های ماموریت‌گرا در حل مسائل ملی و بین‌المللی و ارتقاء مستمر کیفیت آموزش‌عالی با تاکید بر آموزش‌های الکترونیکی اشاره کرد. در زمینه تفاوت‌ها، هر کشوری با توجه به ساختار و شرایط بومی خود اهداف متفاوتی را نیز دنبال می‌کند.

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