بررسی ابعاد مختلف مشاوره ذینفعان در فرایندهای سیاستگذاری جمهوری اسلامی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار سیاستگذاری عمومی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

نظام‌های سیاسی مختلف با ارزش‌ها و قرائت های چندگانه و با رویکردهای متنوعی که نسبت به بازتوزیع قدرت در میان افراد و گروه های جامعه دارند، معماری ویژه‌ای را در نسبت به مشاوره سیاستی ذینفعان در فرایندهای سیاستگذاری به کار گرفته و مشارکت آنان را در فرایند ارتقاء داده یا محدود می‌کنند. درنتیجه ابعاد مشاوره ذینفعان در فرایند سیاستگذاری شکل گرفته و پویایی‌های آن می‌تواند متفاوت باشد. این پژوهش با تأکید بر اینکه مشارکت نهادینه ذینفعان در فرایند سیاستگذاری عمومی یکی از مهمترین اشکال نظام‌مند تقویت نظام های مشاوره سیاستی است درصدد است که به بررسی ابعاد مختلف مشاوره سیاستی ذینفعان در فرایند سیاستگذاری کلان جمهوری اسلامی ایران در سطح 2 شورای عالی سیاستگذار (شورای عالی انقلاب فرهنگی و شورای عالی فضای مجازی) بپردازد. بدین منظور با استفاده از رویکرد قیاسی و تعیین ابعاد 5 گانه مشاوره سیاستی ذینفعان، آیین‌نامه‌ها، شیوه نامه‌ها و اسناد سیاستی شوراهای مذکور مورد بررسی قرار می‌گیرد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد ظرفیت استفاده از مشاوره ذینفعان در هریک از مراحل دستورکار، طراحی، اجرا و ارزیابی سیاست در هریک از 2 شورا متفاوت بوده و مرحله ارزیابی از کمترین میزان مشاوره ذینفعان برخوردار است. همچنین سازوکارها و چگونگی انتخاب ذینفعان برای شرکت در فرایند سیاستگذاری و نوع مداخله آن‌ها نیز متفاوت است.

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