فناوری دیجیتال، شکل‌گیری نظام پایش سراسری و آینده حکمرانی چینی.

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد جامعه‌شناسی سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

چکیده

دولت چین در طی دو دهه گذشته از ترکیب چندین برنامه مبتنی بر فناوری‌های دیجیتال یک نظام پایش سراسری را به وجود آورده است که کارکرد اصلی آن گردآوری و تحلیل انبوه داده‌های مربوط به فعالیت‌های آشکار و پنهان شهروندان چینی در حوزه‌های مختلف زندگی آنان است. هدف این برنامه، شکل‌دادن به مبنایی برای یک حکمرانی هوشمند مبتنی بر داده‌های دقیق از شهروندان است. اصلی‌ترین رکن این برنامه کلان، سیستم اعتبار اجتماعی است. در بحث از پیامدهای این سیستم پایش سراسری، مقاله بر دو دسته از پیامدهای مثبت و منفی ناشی از تحقق این طرح تأکید می‌کند. پیامد مثبت این برنامه زمینه‌سازی برای طراحی دقیق و اجرای کارامد سیاست‌ها در حوزه‌های مختلف حکمرانی مانند فعالیت‌های اقتصادی، بهداشت، آموزش، حمل و نقل، مدیریت شهری، مبارزه با جرایم است. اما روی دیگر سکه، تحقق یک سازوکار سرکوب هوشمند شهروندان است که ابعادی بی‌سابقه به اقتدارگرایی کمونیستی می‌دهد. مقاله بر این نکته تأکید دارد که این دو سویه مثبت و منفی مقولاتی در هم تنیده و جدایی‌ناپذیر از یکدیگر هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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سیاستگذاری عمومی
دوره 9، شماره 3
1402
صفحه 61-77

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