ارزیابی سیاست‌های صنعتی دولت درخصوص تمرکززدایی در ایران خودرو

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار علم و فناوری، دانشگاه عالی دفاع ملی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده معارف اسلامی و مدیریت، دانشگاه امام صادق (علیه السلام)، تهران، ایران

چکیده

صنعت خودروسازی یکی از صنایع مهم و راهبردی کشور است که فراز و فرودهای مختلفی داشته است. با توجه به ساختار مدیریتی آن، بخشی از موفقیت‌ها و ناکامی‌ها ریشه در راهبردها و اقدمات داخلی شرکت‌ها داشته و برخی دیگر به نوع مداخله دولت‌ها در شرکت‌های خودروسازی برمی‌گردد که از آن به عنوان «سیاستگذاری صنعتی» یاد می‌کنیم. تحلیل هریک از این سیاست‌ها برای استخراج درس‌آموخته‌ها و لحاظ آن در سیاست‌ورزی آتی مسئولین دولتی مهم است. هدف اصلی پژوهش، تبیین و ارزیابی سیاست تمرکززدایی در صنعت خودروسازی بوده که در عمدتاً در دهه 80 شمسی صورت گرفته است. بدین منظور ابتدا هدف از اتخاذ سیاست تمرکززدایی را با استفاده از روش تحلیل مضمون شناسایی نمودیم. داده‌های این مرحله از دو منبع «اسناد و مدارک منتشر شده» و «مصاحبه‌های کیفی عمیق با مسئولین وقت» جمع‌آوری شد. در مرحله دوم، میزان تحقق اهداف با استفاده از روش پیمایش که نتیجه آن تحقق نسبی در برخی از اهداف و ناکامی در بخش دیگری از اهداف مدنظر سیاستگذاران بوده است. در مرحله سوم با استفاده از روش پنل خبرگانی به تحلیل دلایل شکست سیاست پرداخته و درس‌آموخته‌هایی برای آینده صنعت خودروسازی ارائه گردید. از نتایج این پژوهش می‌توان به این موضوع اشاره کرد که سیاستگذاران با توجه به سودآوربودن صنعت خودرو و روند رو به رشد آن در دهه 80 شمسی، با یک نگاه بلندپروازانه، با سرعت بسیار زیاد اقدام به تمرکزدایی و احداث خطوط تولیدی در مناطق کشور کردند که موجب عدم تحقق بسیاری از اهداف شده است.

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