Management of Common Resources: Theoretical Perspectives and Practical Experiences

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Phd Student of Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Common resources include goods that are not owned by private or government owners &are available for unlimited use by all citizens. Natural resources, as the main part of common resources, will suffer "tragedy of commons" if overused. Considering the importance of these resources &the crisis caused by over-exploitation, this article seeks to define the common resources &describes how the tragedy of the commons occurs. Also, to provide a description of the existing views about the management of common resources during the last two centuries. These views &practical experiences are categorized under three government-oriented, market-oriented &local community participation strategies. Considering that the results indicate the ineffectiveness of adopting a one-sided strategy in the management of commons, in recent decades, has been emphasized the necessity of adopting a combination of three strategies. The final part of the article describes Elinor Ostrom's views as the most prominent approach of a hybrid strategy based on polycentric governance.

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Public Policy
Volume 8, Issue 3
2022
Pages 129-145

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