1. Aghazadeh, R., Shourian, M., & Javan Salehi, M. (2024). Assessment Of The Impact Of Socio-Economic Policies On Groundwater consumption using a multi-agent-based modeling approach. Water policy, 26(3), 290–308. Https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2024.008.
2. Arasteh, m. A., & farjami, y. (2021). Supporting sustainable rural groundwater demand management with fuzzy decision analysis: a case study in iran. Utilities policy, 70, article 101215. Doi: 10.1016/j.jup.2021.101215.
3. Brisman, a., mcclanahan, b., south, n., & walters, r. (2020). The politics of water rights: scarcity, sovereignty and security. In k. Eman, g. Meško, l. Segato, & m. Migliorini (eds.), water, governance, and crime issues (pp. 17–29). Cham: springer. Doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-44798-4_2.
4. Eman, k. (2023). The harms and crimes of water theft and pollution. Oxford research encyclopedia of criminology and criminal justice. Oxford university press. Doi: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190264079.013.773.
5. Gholami, majid, golbarani, rahim, & malek-hosseini, afsoon. (2023). Factor analysis of the problem of water resources governance in the agricultural sector and its impact on the political geography of iran. Political geography research, 8(2), 183–208. Doi: 10.22067/pg.2023.80857.1198. [in persian]
6. Hassaniyan, a. (2024). Iran’s water policy: environmental injustice and peripheral marginalisation. Progress in physical geography: earth and environment, 48(3), 420–437. Doi: 10.1177/03091333241252523.
7. Hong, p., wei, y., bouckaert, f., johnston, k., & head, b. (2026). Stakeholder knowledge in water governance: insights from public submissions in the murray-darling Basin. Policy Sciences, 59(2), 389–415. DOI: 10.1007/s11077-026-09607-x.
8. JOHNSON, Hope, SOUTH, Nige & WALTERS, Reece. (2016). The commodification and exploitation of fresh water: Property, human rights and green criminology. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, vol. 44, 146–162. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlcj.2015.07.003.
9. KILLEAN, R., O’DONNELL, E., & CLARK, C. (2026). Rethinking the ‘carceral creep’ in water governance: Enforcement, accountability, and restorative possibilities in Australia’s Murray–Darling Basin. Journal of Environmental Law, 1–27. DOI: 10.1093/jel/eqag020.
10. KOLAHI, M., DAVARY, K., & OMRANIAN KHORASANI, H. (2024). Integrated approach to water resource management in Mashhad Plain, Iran: Actor analysis, cognitive mapping, and roadmap development. Scientific Reports, 14, Article 162. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50697-x.
11. LOCH, A., CROFT, M., ADAMSON, D., & GIANCASPRO, M. (2024). Assessing effective deterrence of theft in transboundary water systems. Nature Water, 2(4), 380–389. DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00223-8.
12. MAKLAVANI, N. M. P., KARIMI, S., & BALIST, J. (2026). Policy choices matter: Scenario-based decision support for water sustainability in an arid region (Yazd–Ardakan Watershed, Iran). World Water Policy, 12(3), Article e70085. DOI: 10.1002/wwp2.70085.
13. MOSAVI, Seyed Ebrahim, & REZVIFARD, Behzad. (2025). Strategies of legislative, judicial and executive criminal policy for the protection of water resources in Iran. Comparative Studies of Jurisprudence, Law and Politics, 7(3), 172–183. DOI: 10.61838/csjlp.299. [in Persian]
14. SABYR, A., RAMAZANOVA, A., KOISHYBAIULY, K., ZHANIBEKOV, A., & APAKHAYEV, N. (2024). Problems of prevention of criminal offenses related to the use of water resources in Kazakhstan. World Water Policy, 10(1), 22–36. DOI: 10.1002/wwp2.12166.
15. SHIRI, Abbas, & AMERI-SANI, Amirkia. (2023). Problem-oriented approach in criminal policymaking. Public Policy, 9(2), 68–82. DOI: 10.22059/jppolicy.2023.93608. [in Persian]
16. SHIRI, Abbas, & JAFARPOUR-SADEGH, Elham. (2021). Requirements governing the criminalization of state crimes in the criminal policymaking process of Iran. Public Policy, 7(4), 145–165. DOI: 10.22059/jppolicy.2021.84827. [in Persian]
17. SHIRI, Abbas. (2018). Criminal policymaking from internal control to external control of crime. Public Policy, 4(3), 103–121. DOI: 10.22059/ppolicy.2018.68429. [in Persian]
18. SHIRI, Abbas. (1399). Analysis of the dimensions of state crime policymaking in Iran. Public Policy, 7(4), 193–209. DOI: 10.22059/jppolicy.2021.80487. [in Persian]
19. TIGNINO, M. (2023). The regulation of crimes against water in armed conflicts and other situations of violence. International Review of the Red Cross, 105(923), 706–734. DOI: 10.1017/S1816383123000061.
20. UNESCO World Water Assessment Programme (UNESCO WWAP). (2024). The United Nations World Water Development Report 2024: Water for Prosperity and Peace. 153 pages, Paris: UNESCO.ISBN 978-92-3-100657-9
21. WHITE, R., & EMAN, K. (2020). Green criminology, water issues, human rights and private profit. In K. Eman, G. Meško, L. Segato, & M. Migliorini (Eds.), Water, Governance, and Crime Issues (pp. 3–15). Cham: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-44798-4_1.
قوانین و مقررات
22. Islamic Republic of Iran. (1963). Law on Environmental Protection and Enhancement, enacted in 1974, with subsequent amendments. [in Persian]
23. Islamic Republic of Iran. (1981). Fair Water Distribution Act, enacted on 6 March 1982, with subsequent amendments. [in Persian]
24. Islamic Republic of Iran. (1984). Executive Regulations of Chapter Two of the Fair Water Distribution Act, enacted on 9 October 1984. [in Persian]
25. Islamic Republic of Iran. (2010). Law on Increasing Productivity of the Agricultural Sector and Natural Resources. [in Persian]
26. Islamic Republic of Iran. (2013). Islamic Penal Code (Ta’zirat), enacted in 1996, Article 688. [in Persian]
27. Islamic Republic of Iran. (2024). Seventh Five-Year National Development Plan of the Islamic Republic of Iran (2024–2028). [in Persian)