University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Public Policy 2538-5577 3 4 2018 02 20 Designing and explaining of policy-making model for business clusters development in Iran Designing and explaining of policy-making model for business clusters development in Iran 9 28 65589 10.22059/ppolicy.2018.65589 FA Abbas Monavarian Prof. of Management of University of Tehran 0009-0006-7229-2817 Tayebeh Abbasi Assistant Prof. public administration, Tehran university 0000-0001-7596-9447 Gholamreza Soleimani Assistant Prof Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch Islamic Azad University Ali Aghamohseni Fashami phd of management University of Tehran Journal Article 2018 04 15 The purpose of this research is to design a model for policy-making of business clusters development in Iran. "Grounded Theory" is applied for designing the model. The necessary information resources were gathered by conducting interviews with policy makers of the public and private sector and studying organizational documents. Findings of the research show that the main reasons for cluster development are the economic position of clusters and their different structural features. cluster development involves several dimensions including value chain promotion, market development, technology upgrading and human resource development. Also, the most important policies of cluster development can be considered culture-building and legitimizing at the national level, institutional networking, identification and prioritization of clusters at provincial level, and trust building, BDS promotion, and development of business networks at the cluster level. The consequences of cluster development are the synergy of policies and the reduction of social problems at the macro level. The purpose of this research is to design a model for policy-making of business clusters development in Iran. "Grounded Theory" is applied for designing the model. The necessary information resources were gathered by conducting interviews with policy makers of the public and private sector and studying organizational documents. Findings of the research show that the main reasons for cluster development are the economic position of clusters and their different structural features. cluster development involves several dimensions including value chain promotion, market development, technology upgrading and human resource development. Also, the most important policies of cluster development can be considered culture-building and legitimizing at the national level, institutional networking, identification and prioritization of clusters at provincial level, and trust building, BDS promotion, and development of business networks at the cluster level. The consequences of cluster development are the synergy of policies and the reduction of social problems at the macro level. https://jppolicy.ut.ac.ir/article_65589_599aa45a1ee37feb6f32e6aee8189c57.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Public Policy 2538-5577 3 4 2018 02 20 Development Policies in Health Organizations: A Maturity Model for Implementing ITIL Development Policies in Health Organizations: A Maturity Model for Implementing ITIL 29 50 65590 10.22059/ppolicy.2018.65590 FA Fateme Haji Ali Asgari PhD Student in Information Technology Management Allameh Tabatabai University Habibollah Tabatabaeian Associated Professor, Allameh Tabatabaee University Mohammad Reza Taghva Professor of Industrial Management Department Allameh Tabatabai University Farid Abolhasani Professor of Tehran University Medical Sciences Journal Article 2018 04 16 Today, health care is supported by new technologies, namely Health Electronic Records.key element in patient care improvement and support of taken decisions. The aim of this study is to identify affecting factors and risk factors on IT Service Management in health-oriented organization based on ITIL framework.The study sample in index determining stage included IT Management academic experts fluent in ITIL and in case study include experts and elites of health care centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.After a review of maturity models of health IT services and extracting dimensions and effecting factors, opinions of academic experts; finally we tested the extracted factors. The results indicated that the components of the maturity of IT services based on ITIL framework in two dimensions of delivery and support of IT Service Management.The results showed that the Configuration Management Process and related indicators along with financial management and release in IT,must improved. Today, health care is supported by new technologies, namely Health Electronic Records.key element in patient care improvement and support of taken decisions. The aim of this study is to identify affecting factors and risk factors on IT Service Management in health-oriented organization based on ITIL framework.The study sample in index determining stage included IT Management academic experts fluent in ITIL and in case study include experts and elites of health care centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.After a review of maturity models of health IT services and extracting dimensions and effecting factors, opinions of academic experts; finally we tested the extracted factors. The results indicated that the components of the maturity of IT services based on ITIL framework in two dimensions of delivery and support of IT Service Management.The results showed that the Configuration Management Process and related indicators along with financial management and release in IT,must improved. https://jppolicy.ut.ac.ir/article_65590_9bd49c93a34e2aa722142ca8820954d1.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Public Policy 2538-5577 3 4 2018 02 20 Conceptual Framework Designing of Virtual Currencies Policy in Iranian Economy Conceptual Framework Designing of Virtual Currencies Policy in Iranian Economy 51 78 65591 10.22059/ppolicy.2018.65591 FA Mahdi Nouri Ph.D. in Economics University of Tehran Alireza Navabpor MA Student of Islamic Studies and Financial Management University of Imam Sadeq Journal Article 2018 04 16 In the wake of the financial crisis and mistrust of the central institution in 2009, global financial markets were faced with a new phenomenon called virtual currencies. During the very short time this kind of currency could find its place in people daily transactions. In recent years, Iran also has expanded the use of this new payment instrument. According to their peer to peer transferring and decentralized system that led to elimination of intermediary institutions, the need to public policy making in dealing with this emerging economic phenomenon has found a double importance. In this study, the first attempt will be made to review the history of Bitcoin. Then, virtual currency challenges and opportunities will be explored by looking at the status of legislation in other countries, and finally, a Comprehensive framework for identifying the dimensions of the virtual currency challenges is designed for legislators. In the wake of the financial crisis and mistrust of the central institution in 2009, global financial markets were faced with a new phenomenon called virtual currencies. During the very short time this kind of currency could find its place in people daily transactions. In recent years, Iran also has expanded the use of this new payment instrument. According to their peer to peer transferring and decentralized system that led to elimination of intermediary institutions, the need to public policy making in dealing with this emerging economic phenomenon has found a double importance. In this study, the first attempt will be made to review the history of Bitcoin. Then, virtual currency challenges and opportunities will be explored by looking at the status of legislation in other countries, and finally, a Comprehensive framework for identifying the dimensions of the virtual currency challenges is designed for legislators. https://jppolicy.ut.ac.ir/article_65591_43eb4fd8e4d65fa71d2ec81a9b84d0cc.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Public Policy 2538-5577 3 4 2018 02 20 Understanding the Dimensions of Public Administration Politicization from Citizens’ Perspectives Understanding the Dimensions of Public Administration Politicization from Citizens’ Perspectives 79 104 65592 10.22059/ppolicy.2018.65592 FA Masoomeh Maostafazadeh Phd student, faculty of management, Farabi Pardis campus, tehran university Alinaghi Amiri Prof of management, ,Farabi Pardis Campus, Tehran University, Hassan Danaeefard Prof. of public Adminstration University of Tarbiat Modares Hamidreza Yazdani Human resource management Tehran University Quom Campus Journal Article 2018 04 16 Politics and administration are the two important components of every political system. Politicization as the result of intervention of politics in administration leads to change in public sector's goals. In this research the purpose is the extension of look domain to politicization from citizens' perspective as the goal market of government. We used the mixed method to identify their ideas about politicization. In qualitative phase with using qualitative interviews and coding technique, politicization dimensions, components and final codes have been extracted. In next phase researchers calculated the validity and reliability of them and propose a model of dimensions of politicization include culture, human resource management, structure and rules. Politics and administration are the two important components of every political system. Politicization as the result of intervention of politics in administration leads to change in public sector's goals. In this research the purpose is the extension of look domain to politicization from citizens' perspective as the goal market of government. We used the mixed method to identify their ideas about politicization. In qualitative phase with using qualitative interviews and coding technique, politicization dimensions, components and final codes have been extracted. In next phase researchers calculated the validity and reliability of them and propose a model of dimensions of politicization include culture, human resource management, structure and rules. https://jppolicy.ut.ac.ir/article_65592_92921faf3e4e9172f901d3f2c264a9c5.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Public Policy 2538-5577 3 4 2018 02 20 Critical Future Studies of Water Policy in Iran Critical Future Studies of Water Policy in Iran 105 124 65593 10.22059/ppolicy.2018.65593 FA Tahereh Miremadi Associate Professor STI Policy National Research Institute for Science Policy (NRISP) 0000-0001-8650-2172 Journal Article 2018 04 16 What is the preferred future of water policy in Iran? This is the question that this papers aims to answer. The questions around water sector, like other environmental problem is a wicked problem and needs a comprehensive solution. That is why the paper chose a hybrid model made of Inayatullah's and Geels theories to answer this problem in 5 steps; mapping, anticipating, macro-histories, deepening the future and scenarios. The scenario are based on narratives pivoting around the Persian metaphor of "Water as the God blessing" but each has different rationales. The paper analyse the risks of the continuance of the present policies with the hydraulic rationale. It enumerates the opportunities and challenges of scenarios with environmental and economic rationales and presents the cultural rationale as the preferred scenario for the future. What is the preferred future of water policy in Iran? This is the question that this papers aims to answer. The questions around water sector, like other environmental problem is a wicked problem and needs a comprehensive solution. That is why the paper chose a hybrid model made of Inayatullah's and Geels theories to answer this problem in 5 steps; mapping, anticipating, macro-histories, deepening the future and scenarios. The scenario are based on narratives pivoting around the Persian metaphor of "Water as the God blessing" but each has different rationales. The paper analyse the risks of the continuance of the present policies with the hydraulic rationale. It enumerates the opportunities and challenges of scenarios with environmental and economic rationales and presents the cultural rationale as the preferred scenario for the future. https://jppolicy.ut.ac.ir/article_65593_1a91c6b7f938fdb9518ac2e249d43a9d.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Public Policy 2538-5577 3 4 2018 02 20 Stablishment of social security policies in iran (1906-1945) Stablishment of social security policies in iran (1906-1945) 125 150 65594 10.22059/ppolicy.2018.65594 FA Majid Vahid Assistant Prof. of Political Science Tehran University Amir Lotfi Ph.D. Student in Public Policy, Tehran University Journal Article 2018 04 16 The present article aims at understanding  the logic  of  the stablishment and evolution of  social security policies  in the area of medical and retirement insurance in iran after the the Constitutional Revolution until the end  of  Reza Shah Pahlavi’s reign. In this article we attempt to find out that how social security policies have been included in the state agenda via a historical view point. Our pivoted point of attention in this paper is the state as well as its conscious will in formulating a policy that tries to solve a public problem emerged in the frame work of the documents, rules and regulations. Therefore on the one hand, we will investigate the rules and regulations in this area and on the other hand, we will study the rule of different political and social forces in formulating and changing  these policies. The present article aims at understanding  the logic  of  the stablishment and evolution of  social security policies  in the area of medical and retirement insurance in iran after the the Constitutional Revolution until the end  of  Reza Shah Pahlavi’s reign. In this article we attempt to find out that how social security policies have been included in the state agenda via a historical view point. Our pivoted point of attention in this paper is the state as well as its conscious will in formulating a policy that tries to solve a public problem emerged in the frame work of the documents, rules and regulations. Therefore on the one hand, we will investigate the rules and regulations in this area and on the other hand, we will study the rule of different political and social forces in formulating and changing  these policies. https://jppolicy.ut.ac.ir/article_65594_e7e284c40b9e4218421b65d3bf7e47b9.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Public Policy 2538-5577 3 4 2018 02 20 Identify the reasons for the interference of politics - Administration of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Case study: the relationship between the executive and the legislature in the years 2009-2013 Identify the reasons for the interference of politics - Administration of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Case study: the relationship between the executive and the legislature in the years 2009-2013 151 166 65595 10.22059/ppolicy.2018.65595 FA Mohammad Haghshenas phd. Student, of public administration University of alameh tbatbaie 0000-0003-2740-1421 Abbas Nargesian Assistant Professor of public administration University of Tehran Journal Article 2018 04 16 The purpose of this research is to investigate the causes of policy-administrative interventions and the problems that have caused these interventions. Problems such as the politicization of the bureaucracy, the loss of the principle, lack of specialization, inefficiency and lack implementation of policies approved and formation of political impasse. This qualitative research that selects the relationship between public administration of the tenth government (2009-2013) and political elected representatives of the legislature as a case study. Using the theme-based analysis of semi-structured interviews with 25 political parliamentary choices, general executives and those who have both experienced the role that with Selection of contributors by snowball method. The results of this research show that the institutional and structural factors related to the political structure, Social factors, personality and personality factors, political agents in that particular period played a decisive role as the reasons for the formation of this destructive politics – Administration The purpose of this research is to investigate the causes of policy-administrative interventions and the problems that have caused these interventions. Problems such as the politicization of the bureaucracy, the loss of the principle, lack of specialization, inefficiency and lack implementation of policies approved and formation of political impasse. This qualitative research that selects the relationship between public administration of the tenth government (2009-2013) and political elected representatives of the legislature as a case study. Using the theme-based analysis of semi-structured interviews with 25 political parliamentary choices, general executives and those who have both experienced the role that with Selection of contributors by snowball method. The results of this research show that the institutional and structural factors related to the political structure, Social factors, personality and personality factors, political agents in that particular period played a decisive role as the reasons for the formation of this destructive politics – Administration https://jppolicy.ut.ac.ir/article_65595_ad6bb1524f7392a32df672ccaee76360.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Public Policy 2538-5577 3 4 2018 02 20 Shutter communication diplomacy and US nuclear policy making in Comprehensive Joint Action Program Shutter communication diplomacy and US nuclear policy making in Comprehensive Joint Action Program 167 188 65596 10.22059/ppolicy.2018.65596 FA Abbas MossalaNejad Prof. of Political Science Tehran University Journal Article 2018 04 16 Shutter communication theory can be considered as the center of the US security policy models used in the Comprehensive Joint Action Program. In the model of communication, the various interests of nuclear diplomacy act on the basis of multilateral cooperation with each other actors. In this process, the policy-making model will only cross the diplomatic route. The main task of contributing countries in multilateral strategic cooperation, such as nuclear diplomacy, is based on an accurate assessment of the opportunities created to maximize benefits. The basic technique for implementing shutter communication model in US strategic planning has been used on diplomatic mechanisms. Diplomacy in strategic policy making can change the pattern of relations between cooperative countries. This process is based on the structure of the international system. The US nuclear policy process against Iran is shaped by the cooperation of executive structures, social institutions and think tanks. Each of the three subjects performs their duties and activities in the organizational, structural, social and international contexts. The policy making knowledge in the United States focuses on how strategic decision-making are interlinked with strategic and international necessaries. The main question in this article is that: "What are the characteristics of US strategic planning in the process of comprehensive joint action program?" The hypothesis of the article points that "nuclear diplomacy has been carried out through the co-operation and participation of the Iran and great powers. This process has led to an international agreement." For explaining the article, has used the Paul Sharp's shutter communication theory. In this theory, the diplomatic path will have a decisive role in the final results. Diplomatic cohesion has affective role for achieving the best result. Shutter communication theory can be considered as the center of the US security policy models used in the Comprehensive Joint Action Program. In the model of communication, the various interests of nuclear diplomacy act on the basis of multilateral cooperation with each other actors. In this process, the policy-making model will only cross the diplomatic route. The main task of contributing countries in multilateral strategic cooperation, such as nuclear diplomacy, is based on an accurate assessment of the opportunities created to maximize benefits. The basic technique for implementing shutter communication model in US strategic planning has been used on diplomatic mechanisms. Diplomacy in strategic policy making can change the pattern of relations between cooperative countries. This process is based on the structure of the international system. The US nuclear policy process against Iran is shaped by the cooperation of executive structures, social institutions and think tanks. Each of the three subjects performs their duties and activities in the organizational, structural, social and international contexts. The policy making knowledge in the United States focuses on how strategic decision-making are interlinked with strategic and international necessaries. The main question in this article is that: "What are the characteristics of US strategic planning in the process of comprehensive joint action program?" The hypothesis of the article points that "nuclear diplomacy has been carried out through the co-operation and participation of the Iran and great powers. This process has led to an international agreement." For explaining the article, has used the Paul Sharp's shutter communication theory. In this theory, the diplomatic path will have a decisive role in the final results. Diplomatic cohesion has affective role for achieving the best result. https://jppolicy.ut.ac.ir/article_65596_5f51af5d9397c835a7343997c99d9438.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Public Policy 2538-5577 3 4 2018 02 20 Understanding The Policy Process; An Overview of The Concepts, Theories, And Models of Policy Process Understanding The Policy Process; An Overview of The Concepts, Theories, And Models of Policy Process 189 202 65597 10.22059/ppolicy.2018.65597 FA Mohammad Reza Yazdani Zazerani Assistant Professor Faculty of Law and Humanities; Korasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Islamic Azad University 0000-0002-7153-2405 Journal Article 2018 04 16 The book "An Introduction to the Policy Making Process; Theories, Concepts and Models of Public Policy" is written by Thomas A. Brikland professor at the University of North Carolina Brikland research's focuses on policy making in the field of natural and unexpected crises, as well as theories of the policy process. This book explains how public policy is made, the types of models which could be used to make/evaluate a public policy, and an overview of how public policy making fits into the American government process. The chief benefit of this text is the qualitative approach and clear explanations. It also contains an annotated bibliography of influential works and a dictionary of key terms used in the public policy making process. This review is based on the third edition of this book that published in 2010 by Routledge Publishing. The book "An Introduction to the Policy Making Process; Theories, Concepts and Models of Public Policy" is written by Thomas A. Brikland professor at the University of North Carolina Brikland research's focuses on policy making in the field of natural and unexpected crises, as well as theories of the policy process. This book explains how public policy is made, the types of models which could be used to make/evaluate a public policy, and an overview of how public policy making fits into the American government process. The chief benefit of this text is the qualitative approach and clear explanations. It also contains an annotated bibliography of influential works and a dictionary of key terms used in the public policy making process. This review is based on the third edition of this book that published in 2010 by Routledge Publishing. https://jppolicy.ut.ac.ir/article_65597_2d57c04ff4d4b6e185051992f559568f.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Public Policy 2538-5577 3 4 2018 02 20 The Dynamics of Public Policy: Theory and Evidence The Dynamics of Public Policy: Theory and Evidence 203 220 65598 10.22059/ppolicy.2018.65598 FA Sakineh Bigdeli Phd student of public policy Allameh Tabatabei univesity Journal Article 2018 04 16 The idea of policy dynamics is not original; it is proclaimed in the titles of Rose ,Harrison et al. ,and Baumgartner and Jones. However, the intellectual underpinnings of dynamic analysis remain unexplored in the policy theory literature. Adrian Kay explained policy dynamics his approach in structured narratives. All decisions are made in historical contexts; they are inevitably influenced by the legacy of the past and the uncertainty of the future. Path-dependent processes may coexist with other types of processes within policy systems . Also there may be relationship between these different processes. A structured policy narrative should specify the institutions, structures and processes that are embodied in a given historical setting; identify the possibilities and constraints that these structures create for agents within those settings; and construct explanations of outcomes. The idea of policy dynamics is not original; it is proclaimed in the titles of Rose ,Harrison et al. ,and Baumgartner and Jones. However, the intellectual underpinnings of dynamic analysis remain unexplored in the policy theory literature. Adrian Kay explained policy dynamics his approach in structured narratives. All decisions are made in historical contexts; they are inevitably influenced by the legacy of the past and the uncertainty of the future. Path-dependent processes may coexist with other types of processes within policy systems . Also there may be relationship between these different processes. A structured policy narrative should specify the institutions, structures and processes that are embodied in a given historical setting; identify the possibilities and constraints that these structures create for agents within those settings; and construct explanations of outcomes. https://jppolicy.ut.ac.ir/article_65598_80619c1c78098980825a4e369f44b803.pdf